Bursera
Bursera
32
species Burseraceae
Morphological Summary
Genus of trees and shrubs in the family Burseraceae, with about 100 species distributed mainly in Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean. They are the so-called "copales" or "cuajiotes" in Mexico, highly valued in caudiciform collections for their papery or exfoliating bark trunks, often in striking colors (green, red, yellow). They produce aromatic resins used in pre-Hispanic religious ceremonies and as incense. They are extremely drought-resistant, deciduous or semi-deciduous, and very popular in bonsai and succulent and caudiciform plant collections.
Distribution
Conservation
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eco
Bursera arborea (Rose) L.Riley
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00016
Origin
Type
eco
Bursera attenuata (Rose) Riley
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00024
Origin
Type
DocumentedMexicoCaudiciform
Bursera bipinnata (Moc. & Sessé ex DC.) Engl.
Chinese copal / White copal
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00006
Origin México (principalmente Oaxaca, Morelos, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacán); laderas de bosque tropical caducifolio entre 500 y 1800 m de altitud
Type Caudiciform copal tree
eco
Bursera cinerea Engl.
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00025
Origin
Type
DocumentedMexicoCaudiciform
Bursera copallifera (Sessé & Moc. ex DC.) Bullock
Mexican copal / True copal
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00007
Origin México (Guerrero, Morelos, Puebla, Oaxaca); bosque tropical caducifolio y matorral xerófilo entre 600 y 1800 m
Type Caudiciform copal tree
eco
Bursera cuneata (Schltdl.) Engl.
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00020
Origin
Type
eco
Bursera discolor Rzed.
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00026
Origin
Type
eco
Bursera epinnata (Rose) Engl.
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00017
Origin
Type
eco
Bursera excelsa (Kunth) Engl.
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00021
Origin
Type
DocumentedMexicoCaudiciform
Bursera fagaroides (Kunth) Engl.
Fragrant Bursera / Yellow Copal
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00001
Origin México (estados de Oaxaca, Puebla, Guerrero, Sonora, Chihuahua) y Guatemala; zonas áridas y semiáridas entre 800 y 2400 m de altitud
Type Caudiciform copal tree
DocumentedMexicoCaudiciform
Bursera glabrifolia (Kunth) Engl.
Paper-bark copal / Smooth-leaf Bursera
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00008
Origin México (Oaxaca, Guerrero, Morelos, Puebla); bosque tropical caducifolio y zonas áridas entre 800 y 2000 m de altitud
Type Caudiciform copal tree
eco
Bursera grandifolia (Schltdl.) Engl.
Large-leaved copal
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00010
Origin México: Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Sinaloa; bosques tropicales caducifolios de la vertiente del Pacífico
Type Deciduous tree with peeling reddish papery bark and large pinnate leaves; produces fragrant resin
DocumentedSouth AmericaCaudiciform
Bursera graveolens (Kunth) Triana & Planch.
Holy wood / Palo santo
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00005
Origin Ecuador, Perú, Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela; costa seca del Pacífico sudamericano (Galápagos incluido) y regiones áridas andinas; entre 0 y 1800 m de altitud
Type Caudiciform copal tree
eco
Bursera heteresthes Bullock
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00029
Origin
Type
DocumentedMexicoCaudiciform
Bursera hindsiana (Benth.) Engl.
Red-bark elephant tree / Hind's Bursera
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00003
Origin Baja California (México) y sur de California (EE.UU.); costas del Golfo de California y Pacífico en laderas áridas desde el nivel del mar hasta 600 m
Type Caudiciform copal tree
eco
Bursera instabilis McVaugh & Rzed.
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00028
Origin
Type
eco
Bursera kerberi Engl.
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00027
Origin
Type
eco
Bursera lancifolia (Schltdl.) Engl.
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00019
Origin
Type
eco
Bursera laxiflora S.Watson
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00013
Origin
Type
eco
Bursera linanoe (La Llave) Rzed., Calderón & Medina
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00014
Origin
Type
DocumentedMexicoCaudiciform
Bursera microphylla A.Gray
Elephant tree / Small-leaf Bursera
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00002
Origin Desierto de Sonora (México y suroeste de EE.UU.), Baja California; laderas rocosas y cañadas áridas entre 0 y 900 m de altitud
Type Caudiciform copal tree
eco
Bursera morelensis Ramírez
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00015
Origin
Type
eco
Bursera multifolia (Rose) Engl.
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00030
Origin
Type
eco
Bursera odorata Brandegee
Fragrant copal
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00011
Origin México: Baja California Sur, Sonora; zonas áridas costeras del Mar de Cortés
Type Highly aromatic coastal xerophytic tree with smooth grey-green bark and exceptionally fragrant resin
eco
Bursera palmeri S.Watson
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00023
Origin
Type
eco
Bursera penicillata (Sessé & Moc. ex DC.) Engl.
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00018
Origin
Type
eco
Bursera sarcopoda Paul G.Wilson
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00032
Origin
Type
eco
Bursera schaffneri (S.Watson) Engl.
Schaffner's copal
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00012
Origin México: Hidalgo, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Guanajuato; matorrales xerófilos del altiplano central
Type Xerophytic tree or shrub of the Mexican highlands with exfoliating bark and pinnate leaves with small leaflets
DocumentedMexicoCaudiciform
Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg.
Gumbo-limbo / Naked Indian / Tourist tree
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00004
Origin México (desde Sonora hasta Yucatán), Centroamérica, Caribe, sur de Florida (EE.UU.); bosques tropicales secos y húmedos desde el nivel del mar hasta 1200 m
Type Caudiciform copal tree
eco
Bursera stenophylla Sprague & L.Riley
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00031
Origin
Type
eco
Bursera tenuifolia Rose
Slender-leaved torchwood
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00009
Origin México (Baja California Sur, Sinaloa)
Type Tree
eco
Bursera tomentosa (Jacq.) Triana & Planch.
Specimen ID RN-BRSRA-00022
Origin
Type